izindaba

Itemu elivamile lezinto zensimbi ezinokumelana nokugqokwa okuqinile, insimbi engagugi iwuhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu lwezinto ezingagugi namuhla.

Ukwahlukanisa

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zensimbi ezingagugi, ezingahlukaniswa cishe zibe yinsimbi ephezulu ye-manganese, insimbi eqinile ye-alloy ephakathi nendawo nephansi, insimbi ye-chrome-molybdenum-silicon-manganese, insimbi engavimbeli i-cavitation, insimbi engagqoki nokugqokwa okukhethekile. -insimbi engazweli.Ezinye izinsimbi ezijwayelekile zengxubevange njengensimbi engagqwali, i-bearing steel, insimbi yensimbi ye-alloy kanye nensimbi yesakhiwo sengxubevange nazo zisetshenziswa njengensimbi engagugi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile.Ngenxa yomthombo wabo okahle nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu, asetshenziswa nasekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi engagugi.iphesenti elithile.

ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali

Izinsimbi ezikwazi ukumelana nokungezwani kwe-alloy emaphakathi nephansi ngokuvamile ziqukethe izakhi zamakhemikhali ezifana ne-silicon, i-manganese, i-chromium, i-molybdenum, i-vanadium, i-tungsten, i-nickel, i-titanium, i-boron, ithusi, umhlaba ongavamile, njll. Izintambo zamabhola amaningi amakhulu naphakathi nendawo. e-United States zenziwe nge-chrome-molybdenum-silicon-manganese noma i-chrome-molybdenum steel.Iningi lamabhola okugaya e-United States enziwe ngensimbi ye-molybdenum ye-carbon chrome ephakathi nendawo nephezulu.Okwezinto zokusebenza ezisebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zokuguga ezihugayo emazingeni okushisa aphakeme (afana no-200 kuya ku-500°C) noma izinto zokusebenza zazo ezingaphansi kwamazinga okushisa aphakeme ngenxa yokushisa okushayisanayo, ama-alloys afana ne-chrome-molybdenum-vanadium, chrome-molybdenum-vanadium-nickel noma i-chrome-molybdenum-vanadium-tungsten alloys ingasetshenziswa.Insimbi yokugaya, ngemva kokuba lolu hlobo lwensimbi lucinywe futhi lufakwe emazingeni okushisa aphakathi noma aphezulu, kunomphumela wokuqina wesibili.

isicelo

Insimbi engagqoki isetshenziswa kakhulu emishinini yezimayini, ezimayini zamalahle nezokuthutha, emishinini yokwakha, emishinini yezolimo, ezintweni zokwakha, emishinini kagesi, ezokuthutha ngololiwe kanye neminye iminyango.Isibonelo, amabhola ensimbi, amapuleti ensimbi yezigayo zebhola, amazinyo ebhakede namabhakede e-excavators, izindonga zodaka ezigoqayo, amapuleti amazinyo namakhanda esando ama-crusher ahlukahlukene, izicathulo zethrekhi zogandaganda namathangi, amapuleti okugaya ama-fan, ama-ruts wesitimela Amafoloko, phakathi nendawo. ama-groove-in-plates, ama-grooves, amaketanga ayindilinga ama-scraper conveyors ezimayini zamalahle, izindwani namazinyo ogandaganda, omalayini bamabhakede amaloli amakhulu kagesi, ama-roller cone bits kawoyela obhobhozayo kanye nensimbi evulekile yensimbi, njll. , uhlu olungenhla lugxile kakhulu kukhawulelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwensimbi engagugi efakwa ngaphansi kokuguga, futhi zonke izinhlobo zezinto zokusebenza ezinokunyakaza okuhlobene emishinini ehlukahlukene zizokhiqiza izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokugqoka, okuzokwenza ngcono ukumelana kwezinto zokusebenza.Izidingo zokugaya noma ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engagugi, izibonelo ziningi.Imithombo yokugaya (amabhola, izinduku kanye namalayini) asetshenziswa ezigayweni zensimbi nezesimende ziyizingxenye zokugqoka zensimbi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu.E-United States, amabhola okugaya avame ukukhonjwa noma aphonswe nge-carbon ne-alloy steels, okwenza u-97% wesamba esiphelele sokusetshenziswa kwebhola lokugaya.E-Canada, amabhola ensimbi enza u-81% wamabhola okugaya adliwe.Ngokwezibalo ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1980, ukusetshenziswa kwamabhola okugaya eShayina ngonyaka kungaba amathani ayi-800,000 kuya ku-1 million, kanti ukusetshenziswa konyaka kwezigayo kuzwelonke cishe kungamathani angu-200,000, iningi lawo okuyimikhiqizo yensimbi.Umkhumbi ophakathi nendawo we-scraper conveyor emayini yamalahle yaseShayina udla amathani angu-60,000 kuya kwangu-80,000 amapuleti ensimbi minyaka yonke.